Mark Watney, an astronaut, finds himself stranded alone on Mars after a fierce storm forces his crew to evacuate, believing he’s dead. With limited supplies and no immediate rescue in sight, he must rely on his wits and resourcefulness to survive.

Stranded Alone

Watney quickly assesses his situation, inventorying his supplies and securing the habitat (Hab). His immediate goal is to ensure he has enough food, water, and oxygen to survive until he can be rescued, setting the tone for his meticulous problem-solving approach.

Steps To Survival

Using his knowledge as a botanist, Watney creates a makeshift farm inside the Hab. He ingeniously uses Martian soil, human waste as fertilizer, and water produced from burning hydrogen to grow potatoes, his primary food source, showcasing his creativity and scientific prowess.

Growing Potatoes

Faced with a critical water shortage, Watney devises a way to produce water by extracting hydrogen from rocket fuel and burning it in a controlled environment. This risky but necessary process underscores his ability to turn scientific theory into practical survival techniques.

Producing Water

Discovering the long-abandoned Pathfinder rover, Watney manages to establish communication with NASA. This breakthrough moment highlights the importance of connection and collaboration, as he now has the support and guidance of experts back on Earth.

Reestablishing Communication

As NASA works tirelessly to devise a rescue plan, the story shifts to a broader perspective, showing the international cooperation and determination to save Watney. The entire world becomes invested in his plight, demonstrating the power of collective human effort.

Global Effort For Rescue

Watney continually faces technical challenges, such as repairing the Hab’s life support systems and modifying the rover for long-distance travel. His engineering skills and ability to improvise with limited resources are crucial for his survival.

Engineering Solutions

Isolation takes a psychological toll on Watney, but he combats it with humor, a structured daily routine, and constant problem-solving. His lighthearted video logs and personal reflections offer insight into his mental resilience and coping strategies.

Maintaining Sanity

Not everything goes smoothly for Watney. He encounters numerous setbacks, such as the explosion in the Hab that destroys his potato crop. Each failure forces him to reassess and adapt, reinforcing the theme of perseverance in the face of adversity.

Facing Setbacks

Watney’s meticulous tracking of his supplies, including food, water, and oxygen, underscores the importance of resource management. His careful planning and rationing are key to stretching his limited resources until rescue.

Resource Management

To reach the Ares 4 MAV (Mars Ascent Vehicle) at Schiaparelli crater, Watney undertakes a perilous journey across Mars. He modifies the rover to carry additional life support and navigates the harsh Martian terrain, showcasing his determination and ingenuity.

Journey To Schiaparelli

Throughout his ordeal, Watney must take calculated risks to survive. Whether it’s modifying the rover or creating water from hydrogen, his ability to weigh the risks and benefits is a constant theme, highlighting the balance between caution and daring.

Risk-taking

NASA’s Support

The climax of the story is the daring rescue mission by Watney’s crewmates, who defy orders to return to Mars. This act of bravery and solidarity underscores the deep bonds formed by shared experiences and the ultimate triumph of human spirit.

Final Rescue

Watney’s successful rescue is a testament to his ingenuity, resilience, and the unwavering support of his team and NASA. As he reflects on his journey, the story leaves readers with a profound sense of what can be achieved through determination, science, and collective human effort.

Triumph And Reflection

Stranded on Mars, Mark Watney must use his wits and science to survive. Join his thrilling journey of ingenuity, resilience, and the ultimate fight for survival.

#1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “Brilliant . . . a celebration of human ingenuity [and] the purest example of real-science sci-fi for many years . . . utterly compelling.”—The Wall Street Journal   The inspiration for the major motion picture   Six days ago, astronaut Mark Watney became one of the first people to walk on Mars.  Now, he’s sure he’ll be the first person to die there. After a dust storm nearly kills him and forces his crew to evacuate while thinking him dead, Mark finds himself stranded and completely alone with no way to even signal Earth that he’s alive—and even if he could get word out, his supplies would be gone long before a rescue could arrive.  Chances are, though, he won’t have time to starve to death. The damaged machinery, unforgiving environment, or plain-old “human error” are much more likely to kill him first.  But Mark isn’t ready to give up yet. Drawing on his ingenuity, his engineering skills—and a relentless, dogged refusal to quit—he steadfastly confronts one seemingly insurmountable obstacle after the next. Will his resourcefulness be enough to overcome the impossible odds against him?   NAMED ONE OF PASTE’S BEST NOVELS OF THE DECADE “A hugely entertaining novel [that] reads like a rocket ship afire . . . Weir has fashioned in Mark Watney one of the most appealing, funny, and resourceful characters in recent fiction.”—Chicago Tribune    “As gripping as they come . . . You’ll be rooting for Watney the whole way, groaning at every setback and laughing at his pitchblack humor. Utterly nail-biting and memorable.”—Financial Times

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Science Fiction

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Technology & The Future

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Andy Weir

The Martian

You can’t just ask customers what they want and then try to give that to them. By the time you get it built, they’ll want something new.

•	Anticipate future needs. Relying solely on current feedback can limit innovation and delay success. How can you better anticipate the future needs of your audience or market?	•	Lead with your vision. True innovation comes from pursuing your unique vision rather than just following others’ demands. Jobs’ approach inspires you to lead with your own ideas. What bold vision can you pursue today that sets you apart?	•	Adapt quickly to changes. Flexibility and quick adaptation are crucial in a fast-paced environment.

Innovate: Lead with Vision, Not Just Feedback

That’s been one of my mantras—focus and simplicity. Simple can be harder than complex: You have to work hard to get your thinking clean to make it simple. But it’s worth it in the end because once you get there, you can move mountains.

•	Strive for clarity in your thoughts. Simplifying your thoughts requires effort and discipline, but it leads to clearer and more effective actions.	•	Prioritize simplicity in your tasks. Complex solutions can be less effective and harder to execute. How can you simplify a current task or project to make it more effective?	•	Focus on what truly matters. Distractions and unnecessary complexities can hinder progress. Jobs’ focus on simplicity teaches you to concentrate on essential goals. What steps can you take to eliminate distractions and focus on what really matters?

Simplify: Achieve Greatness Through Focus and Simplicity

In business, if I knew earlier what I know now, I’d have probably done some things a lot better than I did, but I also would’ve probably done some other things a lot worse. But so what? It’s more important to be engaged in the present.

•	Let go of past mistakes. Dwelling on past errors can prevent you from fully engaging in the present. Steve Jobs emphasizes that learning from the past is important, but it shouldn’t hinder your current focus. 	•	Be mindful and present in daily activities. Fully engaging in the present moment enhances productivity and satisfaction. 	•	Adapt to current challenges with flexibility. Being present means addressing today’s challenges with a fresh perspective and readiness to adapt. How can you better adapt to the challenges you face today?

Focus on the Present

My model for business is The Beatles. They were four guys who kept each other’s kind of negative tendencies in check. They balanced each other and the total was greater than the sum of the parts. That’s how I see business: great things in business are never done by one person, they’re done by a team of people.

•	Value the strengths of each team member. Every person brings unique skills and strengths that contribute to the team’s success.	•	Keep each other’s negative tendencies in check. Collaboration involves mutual support and constructive feedback to manage weaknesses. How can you provide and accept constructive feedback within your team?	•	Focus on the collective goal. Achieving greatness requires unified effort and a shared vision. Jobs’ reminds you that teamwork can create results greater than the sum of individual efforts. How can you better align your team’s efforts towards a common goal?

Collaborate: Achieve Greatness Through Teamwork

Creativity is just connecting things. When you ask creative people how they did something, they feel a little guilty because they didn’t really do it, they just saw something. It seemed obvious to them after a while. That’s because they were able to connect experiences they’ve had and synthesize new things.

<ul><li>Reflect on past experiences. Understanding and connecting your past experiences can spark new ideas. Steve Jobs highlights that creativity comes from linking these experiences. </li><li>Practice synthesizing ideas. Regularly combining and recombining ideas can lead to innovative solutions. Jobs emphasizes that creativity involves synthesizing different elements into something new. How can you practice merging different ideas to create something unique?</li></ul>

Connect: Unlock Creativity by Linking Experiences

And [innovation] comes from saying no to 1,000 things to make sure we don’t get on the wrong track or try to do too much. We’re always thinking about new markets we could enter, but it’s only by saying no that you can concentrate on the things that are really important.

<ul><li>Identify your top priorities. Knowing what is most important helps you focus your efforts effectively. Steve Jobs emphasizes that saying no to distractions is crucial for innovation. </li><li>Learn to say no to less important tasks. Declining tasks that don't align with your priorities allows you to concentrate on what matters most. Jobs' advice encourages you to protect your focus by saying no. What tasks or opportunities can you say no to in order to stay focused?</li><li>Regularly reassess your commitments. Continually evaluating your commitments ensures that you remain aligned with your main goals. </li></ul>

Focus: Prioritize by Saying No to Distractions

You’ve got to start with the customer experience and work back toward the technology—not the other way around.

•	Understand customer needs deeply. Prioritizing customer experience begins with a deep understanding of their needs and preferences. Steve Jobs emphasizes starting with the customer to ensure a successful product. How can you better understand your customers’ needs today?	•	Design solutions from the customer’s perspective. Create products and services that solve real customer problems effectively.	•	Continuously gather customer feedback. Regular feedback helps refine and improve the customer experience. How can you implement a system for continuous customer feedback?

Focus: Prioritize Customer Experience First

I didn’t see it then, but it turned out that getting fired from Apple was the best thing that could have ever happened to me. The heaviness of being successful was replaced by the lightness of being a beginner again, less sure about everything. It freed me to enter one of the most creative periods of my life.

Embrace New Beginnings<ul><li>New beginnings bring freedom and opportunities for creativity</li><li>Steve Jobs used being fired from Apple to start fresh and be more creative</li></ul>Find Lightness in Uncertainty<ul><li>Embracing uncertainty can lead to personal and professional growth</li><li>What uncertain areas of your life can you approach with a sense of lightness and curiosity?</li></ul>Use Setbacks as a Catalyst for Growth<ul><li>Setbacks can be a catalyst for significant personal and creative growth</li><li>Jobs' firing from Apple spurred his creativity and growth</li><li>How can a recent setback in your life become a catalyst for growth and creativity?</li></ul>

Transform Setbacks into Opportunities

The Apple II peeled off the hardware layer. You didn’t need to know about the hardware to use a computer. The next step was the transition from the Apple II to the Macintosh, which peeled off the computer-literacy layer, if you will. In other words, you didn’t have to be a hacker or a computer scientist to use one of these.

Making complex technologies easy to use can broaden their accessibility and impact. The Apple II made it unnecessary to understand hardware to use a computer.Eliminate Barriers to Technology UseRemoving barriers to technology use can democratize access and empower more people. The Macintosh allowed people to use computers without needing extensive technical knowledge.Innovate User-Friendly SolutionsCreating user-friendly solutions can transform how people interact with technology. Steve Jobs focused on making technology user-friendly with the Apple II and Macintosh.

Make Technology Accessible to Everyone

Steve Jobs, CEO of Apple Inc., was truly one of this generation’s most innovative and forward-thinking entrepreneurs. Apple, under his vision and direction, changed the way people interact with each other and think about technology. Known as much for his genius as his privacy, the advice and knowledge he did share with the world gives exclusive insight into the most important man of the past century. “Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be trapped by dogma—which is living with the results of other people’s thinking.” “We have always been shameless about stealing great ideas.” “The cure for Apple is not cost-cutting. The cure for Apple is to innovate its way out of its current predicament.” “Remembering that I’ll be dead soon is the most important tool I’ve ever encountered to help me make the big choices in life. Because almost everything—all external expectations, all pride, all fear of embarrassment or failure—these things just fall away in the face of death, leaving only what is truly important.”

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Business

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Creativity

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Human Resources

Alan Ken Thomas

The Business Wisdom of Steve Jobs

We are on the brink of a new technological revolution, driven by advancements in AI, biotechnology, and other fields. These technologies promise to reshape society in unprecedented ways

Technological Revolution

The rapid development of new technologies raises significant ethical questions. We must consider how to balance innovation with moral responsibility to ensure positive outcomes.

Ethical Implications

Artificial intelligence and automation are transforming industries, increasing efficiency, and creating new economic opportunities. However, they also pose risks of job displacement and require new skills from the workforce.

AI And Automation

Breakthroughs in biotechnology offer potential solutions to health and environmental challenges but also raise concerns about genetic privacy, biosecurity, and the ethical use of biological data

Biotechnology Advances

Nations must navigate the complexities of digital sovereignty, balancing control over their own technological infrastructure with participation in a global digital economy.

Digital Sovereignty

As technology advances, the tension between privacy and surveillance intensifies. It is crucial to establish regulations that protect individual privacy while ensuring security.

Privacy And Surveillance

Addressing the challenges and opportunities of new technologies requires global collaboration. Nations and organizations must work together to create frameworks for ethical and sustainable innovation.

Global Collaboration

The education system must evolve to prepare individuals for the changing job market. Emphasizing STEM education, critical thinking, and adaptability is essential for future success.

Education And Skills Development

Technological advancements have the potential to exacerbate economic inequality. Policies must be developed to ensure that the benefits of innovation are broadly shared.

Economic Inequality

New technologies can both harm and help the environment. Sustainable practices and green technologies must be prioritized to mitigate negative impacts and enhance positive contributions.

Environmental Impact

Effective regulatory frameworks are needed to guide the development and deployment of new technologies. These frameworks should promote innovation while protecting public interest.

Regulatory Frameworks

Technologies that enhance human capabilities, such as cognitive and physical augmentations, present ethical dilemmas about equity, consent, and the definition of humanity.

Human Enhancement

With the increasing reliance on digital infrastructure, robust cybersecurity measures are critical to protect against threats and ensure the integrity of technological systems.

Cybersecurity

Developing ethical AI involves ensuring transparency, accountability, and fairness in AI systems. This includes addressing biases and preventing harm caused by AI applications.

AI Ethics

Technological changes are driving cultural shifts in how we communicate, work, and interact. Understanding these shifts is important for managing societal impacts.

Cultural Shifts

Creating supportive ecosystems for innovation, including funding, mentorship, and infrastructure, is crucial for nurturing technological advancements and entrepreneurship.

Innovation Ecosystems

Bridging the digital divide is essential to ensure that all individuals have access to the benefits of new technologies, regardless of their socioeconomic status.

Digital Divide

Engaging the public in discussions about technological developments helps build trust and ensures that diverse perspectives are considered in shaping the future.

Public Engagement

Long-term planning and foresight are necessary to anticipate future challenges and opportunities. This involves strategic thinking and adaptability in policymaking and business.

Long-term Planning

Leaders in technology and policy must embody ethical principles and lead by example, guiding society through the complexities of technological change with integrity and vision.

Ethical Leadership

Unveil the future with Mustafa Suleyman's "The Coming Wave"—a deep dive into how emerging technologies will transform our world and the ethical dilemmas we face.

An urgent warning of the unprecedented risks that AI and other fast-developing technologies pose to global order, and how we might contain them while we have the chance—from a co-founder of the pioneering artificial intelligence company DeepMind “A fascinating, well-written, and important book.”—Yuval Noah Harari “Essential reading.”—Daniel Kahneman “An excellent guide for navigating unprecedented times.”—Bill Gates Longlisted for the Financial Times and Schroders Business Book of the Year Award • One of Kirkus Reviews’ Most Anticipated Books of the Fall We are approaching a critical threshold in the history of our species. Everything is about to change.    Soon you will live surrounded by AIs. They will organise your life, operate your business, and run core government services. You will live in a world of DNA printers and quantum computers, engineered pathogens and autonomous weapons, robot assistants and abundant energy.    None of us are prepared.   As co-founder of the pioneering AI company DeepMind, part of Google, Mustafa Suleyman has been at the centre of this revolution. The coming decade, he argues, will be defined by this wave of powerful, fast-proliferating new technologies.    In The Coming Wave, Suleyman shows how these forces will create immense prosperity but also threaten the nation-state, the foundation of global order. As our fragile governments sleepwalk into disaster, we face an existential dilemma: unprecedented harms on one side, the threat of overbearing surveillance on the other.    Can we forge a narrow path between catastrophe and dystopia?   This groundbreaking book from the ultimate AI insider establishes “the containment problem”—the task of maintaining control over powerful technologies—as the essential challenge of our age.

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Marketing & Sales

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Artificial Intelligence

Mustafa Suleyman

The Coming Wave

Black holes are regions in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from them. They are formed from the remnants of massive stars after they explode in supernovae.

What’s A Black Hole?

The event horizon is the boundary around a black hole beyond which nothing can escape. It’s the ‘point of no return’ where the escape velocity exceeds the speed of light.”

Event Horizon

At the center of a black hole lies the singularity, a point where density becomes infinite and the laws of physics as we know them cease to function.

Singularity

There are three main types of black holes: stellar, supermassive, and intermediate. Stellar black holes are formed from collapsing stars, supermassive black holes exist at the centers of galaxies, and intermediate black holes are in-between in terms of size.”

Types Of Black Holes

Hawking Radiation

Over extremely long timescales, black holes can lose mass through Hawking radiation and eventually evaporate, leaving behind no trace.

Black Hole Evaporation

Material that falls into a black hole forms an accretion disk as it spirals inward. The intense gravitational forces heat the material, causing it to emit X-rays and other radiation

Accretion Disk

Quasars are extremely bright and distant objects powered by supermassive black holes. As matter falls into the black hole, it releases tremendous amounts of energy, making quasars some of the brightest objects in the universe.”

Quasars

Black hole mergers produce ripples in spacetime known as gravitational waves. These waves were first detected in 2015, confirming a major prediction of Einstein’s theory of general relativity.”

Gravitational Waves

Einstein’s theory of general relativity describes how massive objects warp spacetime, leading to the formation of black holes. This theory provides the framework for understanding their behavior.

General Relativity

The study of black holes has led to new insights into thermodynamics, particularly the concepts of entropy and temperature in the context of black holes.”

Black Hole Thermodynamics

The black hole information paradox questions whether information that falls into a black hole is destroyed. This paradox challenges the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics and general relativity.

Information Paradox

Theoretical physicists have explored the possibility of using black holes for time travel. While it’s a popular science fiction theme, the practicalities and dangers make it unlikely.”

Black Holes And Time Travel

Supermassive black holes play a crucial role in the formation and evolution of galaxies. Their gravitational influence helps shape the structure of galaxies and regulate star formation

Formation Of Galaxies

Astronomers use various methods to detect and study black holes, including observing the motion of stars around invisible objects and detecting X-ray emissions from accretion disks.

Observation Techniques

In 2019, the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration released the first-ever image of a black hole’s event horizon, providing direct visual evidence of their existence.

First Image Of A Black Hole

Black holes have captured the imagination of writers, filmmakers, and the public. They appear frequently in science fiction as mysterious and powerful entities.

Black Holes In Popular Culture

Black holes are essential to our understanding of the universe. They influence the formation of galaxies, the distribution of matter, and the evolution of cosmic structures.

Role In Cosmology

Despite significant advancements, black holes remain mysterious. Questions about their interiors, the nature of singularities, and the ultimate fate of black holes continue to challenge scientists.

Challenges And Mysteries

Ongoing and future research aims to uncover more about black holes, including advanced observational techniques and theoretical models to understand their properties and effects on the universe.

Future Research

Everything you need to know about Black Holes explained in 20 easy to understand ideas.

In A Brief History of Black Holes, award-winning University of Oxford researcher Dr Becky Smethurst charts five hundred years of scientific breakthroughs in astronomy and astrophysics. 'A jaunt through space history . . . with charming wit and many pop-culture references' – BBC Sky At Night Magazine Right now, you are orbiting a black hole. The Earth orbits the Sun, and the Sun orbits the centre of the Milky Way: a supermassive black hole, the strangest and most misunderstood phenomenon in the galaxy. In this cosmic tale of discovery, Dr Becky Smethurst takes us from the earliest observations of the universe and the collapse of massive stars, to the iconic first photographs of a black hole and her own published findings. She explains why black holes aren’t really ‘black’, that you never ever want to be ‘spaghettified’, how black holes are more like sofa cushions than hoovers and why, beyond the event horizon, the future is a direction in space rather than in time. Told with humour and wisdom, this captivating book describes the secrets behind the most profound questions about our universe – all hidden inside black holes.

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Science & Nature

Dr Becky Smethurst

A Brief History of Black Holes

Gm gm gm Where do we start from? The fact that the block completion time is 400ms Or that I find Solana beautiful 😎 Or that, Solana exhibits some yin yang kinda financial lifestyle Or that she challenges to take over the queen's place? Or that her stylist is a Software-code Booglehead, who contributed immensely in Qualcomm? Solana! Solana! Solana! Even the name speaks volumes of her beauty, fame and feline grace.

Solana Hype

Wait a minute 😎 I have a big sister, her best color is Purple. She's not a Blockchain Researcher like me, but I know one thing, If she stumbles into Blockchains, cryptocurrency specifically, she'd love this Princess —solana. She's adorned in her best colours. Purple like speedy, purple like lavender, purple like the ancient Egyptian's royal linen, purple like Xerxe's apparel. Let's talk Solana, The Princess of the Palace. She's still indecisive of her prince-to- be, so she appears in purple with hues and contrast. Till then, Red may 👌🏼

... Beautiful Crypto

<a href="https://youtu.be/RtzZsJHUL9o?si=6gg2WGPPF9sf2XNX">...of Anatoly Yakovenko.</a> Anatoly YakovenkoCEO at Solana Labs The brain behind the innovation.The Man! The Myth! The Legend! An internet personality, widely know for his contributions in the creation of early operating systems at Qualcomm. Also worked as an engineer at Dropbox and Mesosphere. Once he planned starting a cryptocurrency mining booth, but was made to wait 6-months later than he expected. Had a wavering curiousity for cryptocurrency until the BTC mining incident, that waver beame voracious 🔥 <a href="https://x.com/aeyakovenko">X</a> <a href="http://bit.ly/3xGzNAv">LinkedIn</a> <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&opi=89978449&url=https://www.instagram.com/aeyakovenko/&ved=2ahUKEwjHkrPUn_-GAxU28QIHHeWJNB4Q9zB6BAgxEAc&usg=AOvVaw1Pjnao1UWeIqYjnYVH06Cq">Instagram</a>

The Story

So Why Solana? It was 2017, when Solana was born. I will not bore you... 1. To increase the rapidity of Blockchain transactions 2. To increase adoption by smart contract developers. 3. Cutting cost off 4. To ensure a greener environment

Bullet, Why Solana ?

Solana statistics You may be perturbed to know that $Sol was launched at March 2020 at about $0.95 and it's highest attained ATH is about $260. The price sits at $141 as of the time of this documentation Market cap. $65,412,631,478 Max supply infinity Fully diluted market cap $81,942,324,355 Total Supply 579,070,743 Sol From <a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/solana/">CoinMarketCap</a> What about the maximum supply? Your mind should wonder why Sol is high despite the fact that it has no upper limits dor its maximum supply?

Stats

There's a novel technique used by the Solana team to combat inflation rate of Sol, with this technique as documented by <a href="https://cointelegraph.com/learn/solana-sol-ecosystem-overview">CoinTelegraph () </a>Sol inflationary rate sits at 8% currently with prospects of decreasing by 15% every year till year 2031 when it comes to 1.5 %, a stable long term inflationary rate.

Inflate Or Deflate

Consensus Solana uses the PoS Consensus mechanism dubbed with PoH. PoH in itself is not a Consensus mechanism but an invention by Anatoly Yakovenko to help ensure faster block confirmation time , thus, ensuring transactions are done as fast as possible. Solana boasts of TPS reaching 65,000 transactions per second.However, I believe this is <a href="https://www.tradingview.com/news/u_today:f229dd160094b:0-solana-sol-ranked-fastest-blockchain-details/">theoretical</a> Currently, the TPS of Solana stands at about over 1000 transactions per second

PoS, Proof of Stake Solana, Ton amongst others are notable Blockchains we've looked at that make use of this Consensus mechanism. PoS is a Consensus that demands staking of some tokens (native to that particular crypto Blockchain) in other to be able to run a validator node and validate transactions in the Blockchain. Now this is where PoH comes in. It may interest you to know that when new blocks are created, they include a timestamp to show the particular time that very Blockchain was created.Believe you me when I tell you that PoH is not as simple as it may look.

Consensus Proper 1

The technicalities is one of its kind. However, basically, PoH allows for faster block confirmation time.Most times there'd be a great workload on the Blockchain and different validators will be validating different transactions.Transactions cannot be added anyhow to the chain of blocks, it has to be added in the order in which it was confirmed. When a particular validator confirms a transaction he'll need to add it to the the transaction list which all validator will confirm to be following in the order that they were confirmed, when this order is confirmed....next slide

...., this list will be added as a block to the chain of blocks.The question is : "How will I know that I completed confirmation for this transactions before this particular validator's confirmed transaction?" Or "how will I know this transaction was completed before this other one?"This is what PoH helps Solana do. For each transaction, a timestamp in the form of a hash is given. This hash is created by the hash function SHA256 which is notable to be a one-way hash function ie an input gives a 64 stringed output, if you input the same output it gives another different 64 stringed output.

SHA256

With this method, a validator does not need to gossip with other validators to find out the expected order of the transaction. I kinda asked myself, what's the point of all these cryptic things? Why not record the exact time in yr:mm:dd:hr:mn:ss (year, month, day, hour, minute, second)? But then, validators are in different countries and different time zones so that will be practically impossible and if possible, way cumbersome. My brain 😂😂😂In fact, just understand that PoH helps to ensure faster transactions in Solana Blockchain.

Summary😂

Keep Broadening Your Horizon

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Transhumanism: "The World's Most Dangerous Idea" | Philosophy Tube

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The Martian

The Business Wisdom of Steve Jobs

The Coming Wave

A Brief History of Black Holes

Sol (5)

Packing for Mars

Transhumanism: "The World's Most Dangerous Idea" | Philosophy Tube

What is Science - Wikipedia

Nanotechnology - The Future of Sustainable Farming

Simplified Quantum Physics for the curious

It's time to Read like a Pro.

It's time to
Read like a Pro.